Keratoconus (or) Corneal Ectasia
What is Keratoconus?
Keratoconus is a condition that affects the cornea, the clear outer layer of the eye that covers the pupil and iris. In keratoconus, the cornea becomes thin and gradually bulges outward into a cone shape. This irregular shape can cause vision problems, including blurred vision, sensitivity to light, and difficulty seeing at night.
Causes of Keratoconus:
The exact cause of keratoconus is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and biochemical factors. Some potential causes and risk factors include:
- Genetics: Keratoconus often runs in families, suggesting a genetic predisposition. If someone in your family has keratoconus, you may be at a higher risk of developing it.
- Eye Rubbing: Excessive rubbing of the eyes, particularly during the teenage years when the cornea is still developing, may contribute to the development or progression of keratoconus.
- Thin Corneas: People with naturally thin corneas may be more susceptible to developing keratoconus, especially if they undergo any laser refractive surgery.
- Eye Conditions: Certain conditions such as retinitis pigmentosa, Down syndrome, and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome are associated with an increased risk of keratoconus.
- Environmental Factors: Environmental factors such as allergies and chronic eye rubbing may exacerbate the progression of keratoconus in susceptible individuals.
Symptoms of Keratoconus:
The symptoms of keratoconus can vary from person to person and may include:
- Blurred or distorted vision
- Increased sensitivity to light (photophobia)
- Difficulty seeing at night (night vision problems)
- Frequent changes in eyeglass or contact lens prescription
- Double vision or ghosting of images
- Eye strain or discomfort
